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The technique involves breaking down human genomes found in blood and then extracting HIV RNA to recover genetic data about the virus, an approach similar to that used to reconstruct the ancient genome of Neanderthals in separate studies.
"The biggest contribution that interested me the most was their ability to restore fully sequenced genomes from very old serum samples using the jackhammer technique," Curran said of the new research.
After analyzing the genomes, researchers found no biological evidence that Dugas was the primary case that brought HIV to the United States, and Dugas's genome appeared typical of the other strains new zealand email list already in the United States at the time.
Researchers found strong evidence that the virus emerged in the United States from a pre-existing epidemic in the Caribbean in or around 1970.
How HIV came to the United States
Genome sequencing allows scientists to look back in time to determine how a virus emerged and where it traveled by examining how many mutations appear in the genome.
Scientists estimate that HIV was transmitted in humans after a chimpanzee infected a single person sometime in the early 20th century in sub-Saharan Africa. The general consensus among scientists is that HIV crossed the Atlantic and spread rapidly through the Caribbean before reaching the United States, likely from Haiti, Curran said.
Scientists at Oxford University published a separate study in June suggesting that HIV spread along specific migration routes, based on tourism and trade, over the past 50 years as it traveled around the world.
The technique involves breaking down human genomes found in blood and then extracting HIV RNA to recover genetic data about the virus, an approach similar to that used to reconstruct the ancient genome of Neanderthals in separate studies.
"The biggest contribution that interested me the most was their ability to restore fully sequenced genomes from very old serum samples using the jackhammer technique," Curran said of the new research.
After analyzing the genomes, researchers found no biological evidence that Dugas was the primary case that brought HIV to the United States, and Dugas's genome appeared typical of the other strains new zealand email list already in the United States at the time.
Researchers found strong evidence that the virus emerged in the United States from a pre-existing epidemic in the Caribbean in or around 1970.
How HIV came to the United States
Genome sequencing allows scientists to look back in time to determine how a virus emerged and where it traveled by examining how many mutations appear in the genome.
Scientists estimate that HIV was transmitted in humans after a chimpanzee infected a single person sometime in the early 20th century in sub-Saharan Africa. The general consensus among scientists is that HIV crossed the Atlantic and spread rapidly through the Caribbean before reaching the United States, likely from Haiti, Curran said.
Scientists at Oxford University published a separate study in June suggesting that HIV spread along specific migration routes, based on tourism and trade, over the past 50 years as it traveled around the world.